Most Important and relevant multiple-choice questions (MCQs) covering key global conflicts as current events topicsfor coming competitive exams in 2025. It covers Russia-Ukraine, Israel-Hamas, Israel-Iran, USA-Iran, India-Pakistan, and Indonesia-Thailand relations. These questions are designed to test knowledge of recent developments, historical context, and geopolitical dynamics.
Multiple- Choice Questions
- When did Russia launch its full-scale invasion of Ukraine?
- A) February 24, 2022
- B) March 1, 2022
- C) January 15, 2022
- D) April 10, 2022
- ✅ A) February 24, 2022
- Which city did Russian forces first capture in the 2022 invasion?
- A) Kyiv
- B) Kharkiv
- C) Kherson
- D) Mariupol
- ✅ D) Mariupol
- Which international organization invoked Article 4 following drone incursions into Polish airspace in September 2025?
- A) United Nations
- B) NATO
- C) European Union
- D) Shanghai Cooperation Organization
- ✅ B) NATO
- What type of drones were reportedly used in the September 2025 Polish airspace breach?
- A) Turkish Bayraktar
- B) Iranian Shahed and Russian Gerbera
- C) Chinese Wing Loong
- D) American MQ-9 Reaper
- ✅ B) Iranian Shahed and Russian Gerbera
- Which country was the first to provide military assistance to Ukraine after the 2022 invasion?
- A) United States
- B) Poland
- C) Germany
- D) United Kingdom
- ✅ B) Poland
- Which river serves as a significant natural boundary between Russia and Ukraine?
- A) Volga River
- B) Dnieper River
- C) Don River
- D) Neva River
- ✅ B) Dnieper River
- Which Ukrainian city is known for its significant steel industry and was heavily contested during the conflict?
- A) Lviv
- B) Donetsk
- C) Mariupol
- D) Odessa
- ✅ C) Mariupol
- Which international body has been involved in mediating peace talks between Russia and Ukraine?
- A) United Nations
- B) European Union
- C) Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)
- D) All of the above
- ✅ D) All of the above
- Which country has been a significant supplier of military aid to Ukraine?
- A) China
- B) United States
- C) India
- D) Brazil
- ✅ B) United States
- What is the primary reason for Russia’s annexation of Crimea in 2014?
- A) Strategic military advantage
- B) Ethnic Russian population
- C) Access to warm-water ports
- D) All of the above
- ✅ D) All of the above
- When did Hamas launch a surprise attack on Israel, leading to the current conflict?
- A) October 2023
- B) November 2023
- C) January 2024
- D) March 2024
- ✅ A) October 2023
- Which city serves as the administrative capital of the Palestinian Authority?
- A) Gaza City
- B) Ramallah
- C) Jerusalem
- D) Hebron
- ✅ B) Ramallah
- Which international body has called for a ceasefire in the Israel-Hamas conflict?
- A) United Nations
- B) European Union
- C) Arab League
- D) All of the above
- ✅ D) All of the above
- What is the primary demand of Hamas in the current conflict?
- A) Recognition of Israel
- B) Lifting of the Gaza blockade
- C) Establishment of a Palestinian state
- D) All of the above
- ✅ B) Lifting of the Gaza blockade
- Which country has been a key mediator in peace talks between Israel and Hamas?
- A) United States
- B) Qatar
- C) Egypt
- D) Saudi Arabia
- ✅ B) Qatar
- What is the Iron Dome system used for?
- A) Ground defense
- B) Air defense
- C) Cybersecurity
- D) Naval defense
- ✅ B) Air defense
- Which Palestinian militant group governs the Gaza Strip?
- A) Fatah
- B) Hamas
- C) Hezbollah
- D) Islamic Jihad
- ✅ B) Hamas
- Which Israeli city has been a frequent target of rocket attacks from Gaza?
- A) Tel Aviv
- B) Haifa
- C) Eilat
- D) Beersheba
- ✅ A) Tel Aviv
- Which country has provided significant humanitarian aid to Gaza?
- A) United States
- B) Turkey
- C) Iran
- D) Egypt
- ✅ B) Turkey
- What is the Oslo Accords?
- A) A peace agreement between Israel and Egypt
- B) A peace agreement between Israel and the Palestinian Authority
- C) A trade agreement between Israel and the EU
- D) A military alliance between Israel and the US
- ✅ B) A peace agreement between Israel and the Palestinian Authority
- When did Israel launch “Operation Rising Lion” against Iran?
- A) June 1–3, 2025
- B) June 5–7, 2025
- C) June 13–14, 2025
- D) June 19–20, 2025
- ✅ C) June 13–14, 2025
- What was the main objective of Israel’s strikes in the Israel–Iran conflict escalation?
- A) Economic sanctions
- B) Nuclear and military infrastructure removal
- C) Border closure
- D) Diplomatic siege
- ✅ B) Nuclear and military infrastructure removal
- Which country has been accused by Israel of supporting Iran’s nuclear ambitions?
- A) Russia
- B) China
- C) North Korea
- D) All of the above
- ✅ D) All of the above
- Which international agreement aimed to limit Iran’s nuclear program?
- A) START Treaty
- B) JCPOA (Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action)
- C) INF Treaty
- D) NPT (Non-Proliferation Treaty)
- ✅ B) JCPOA (Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action)
- Which country has been a vocal critic of Israel’s actions in the Israel–Iran conflict?
- A) United States
- B) Saudi Arabia
- C) Russia
- D) India
- ✅ C) Russia
- What is the Strait of Hormuz’s significance in the Israel–Iran conflict?
- A) Major oil shipping route
- B) Strategic military location
- C) Site of naval confrontations
- D) All of the above
- ✅ D) All of the above
- Which Israeli city is a primary target for Iranian missile strikes?
- A) Tel Aviv
- B) Haifa
- C) Eilat
- D) Beersheba
- ✅ A) Tel Aviv
- Which Iranian military force is responsible for missile operations?
- A) Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC)
- B) Basij
- C) Quds Force
- D) Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution
- ✅ A) Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC)
- Which international body has imposed sanctions on Iran over its nuclear program?
- A) United Nations
- B) European Union
- C) United States
- D) All of the above
- ✅ D) All of the above
- What is the primary reason for Israel’s concern over Iran’s nuclear program?
- A) Economic competition
- B) Regional dominance
- C) Security threat
- D) Religious differences
- ✅ C) Security threat
- Which event significantly strained US-Iran relations in 1979?
- A) Iran-Iraq War
- B) US Embassy hostage crisis
- C) Iranian Revolution
- D) Operation Eagle Claw
- ✅ B) US Embassy hostage crisis
- Which US president withdrew from the Iran nuclear deal in 2018?
- A) Barack Obama
- B) Donald Trump
- C) Joe Biden
- D) George W. Bush
- ✅ B) Donald Trump
- Which country has been a mediator in US-Iran negotiations?
- A) Switzerland
- B) Oman
- C) Qatar
- D) All of the above
- ✅ D) All of the above
- What is the primary reason for US sanctions on Iran?
- A) Human rights violations
- B) Nuclear program
- C) Support for terrorism
- D) All of the above
- ✅ D) All of the above
- Which US military base was attacked by Iranian-backed forces in Iraq?
- A) Camp Taji
- B) Al Asad Airbase
- C) Camp Liberty
- D) Balad Airbase
- ✅ B) Al Asad Airbase
- Which international body has called for the restoration of the Iran nuclear deal?
- A) United Nations
- B) European Union
- C) Russia
- D) All of the above
- ✅ D) All of the above
- **Which US president rejoined the Iran nuclear deal in 202
- Which Iranian general was killed by a US drone strike in January 2020?
- A) Qassem Soleimani
- B) Hassan Rouhani
- C) Ali Khamenei
- D) Mohsen Fakhrizadeh
- ✅ A) Qassem Soleimani
- What is the key objective of the US’s “maximum pressure” campaign against Iran?
- A) Strengthen diplomatic ties
- B) Force Iran to limit its nuclear program
- C) Increase oil imports from Iran
- D) Expand military cooperation
- ✅ B) Force Iran to limit its nuclear program
- Which body controls Iran’s foreign intelligence and military expansion activities?
- A) Supreme Leader’s office
- B) Quds Force
- C) Revolutionary Guard
- D) Ministry of Defense
- ✅ B) Quds Force
- Which area is most frequently contested between India and Pakistan?
- A) Punjab
- B) Kashmir
- C) Gujarat
- D) Rajasthan
- ✅ B) Kashmir
- When did the first Indo-Pak war occur?
- A) 1945
- B) 1947–1948
- C) 1965
- D) 1971
- ✅ B) 1947–1948
- What is the Line of Control (LoC)?
- A) A border between India and Bangladesh
- B) A ceasefire line between India and Pakistan in Kashmir
- C) A trade route
- D) A maritime boundary
- ✅ B) A ceasefire line between India and Pakistan in Kashmir
- Which city was attacked in the 2008 Mumbai terror attacks?
- A) New Delhi
- B) Mumbai
- C) Kolkata
- D) Hyderabad
- ✅ B) Mumbai
- What is the main cause of Indo-Pak tensions?
- A) Water sharing
- B) Cross-border terrorism
- C) Trade disputes
- D) Cultural differences
- ✅ B) Cross-border terrorism
- Which international body often intervenes or facilitates dialogue between India and Pakistan?
- A) United Nations
- B) SAARC
- C) OIC
- D) All of the above
- ✅ A) United Nations
- What agreement ended the Indo-Pak war of 1971?
- A) Tashkent Agreement
- B) Shimla Agreement
- C) Lahore Declaration
- D) Agra Summit
- ✅ B) Shimla Agreement
- Which country has been accused of supporting terrorist groups in Kashmir?
- A) Bangladesh
- B) Afghanistan
- C) Pakistan
- D) China
- ✅ C) Pakistan
- Which maritime issue has been a source of tension between Indonesia and Thailand?
- A) Fishing rights
- B) Oil exploration
- C) Trade tariffs
- D) None of the above
- ✅ A) Fishing rights
- What is the primary challenge in the South China Sea disputes involving Southeast Asia?
- A) Migration control
- B) Energy access and strategic waterways
- C) Religious tensions
- D) Cyber warfare
- ✅ B) Energy access and strategic waterways
- Which ASEAN-led mechanism seeks to address disputes among member states?
- A) ASEAN Regional Forum
- B) OPEC
- C) G20
- D) SCO
- ✅ A) ASEAN Regional Forum
- Which country’s involvement complicates the maritime disputes in Southeast Asia?
- A) India
- B) China
- C) Russia
- D) Brazil
- ✅ B) China
- Which environmental issue contributes to conflicts between Indonesia and neighboring states?
- A) Deforestation
- B) Illegal logging
- C) Haze pollution
- D) All of the above
- ✅ D) All of the above
- Which African country has been facing an armed conflict between government forces and rebel groups in 2025?
- A) Sudan
- B) Libya
- C) Ethiopia
- D) Somalia
- ✅ C) Ethiopia
- What is the central issue in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict?
- A) Ethnic and territorial dispute between Armenia and Azerbaijan
- B) Trade disagreements
- C) Religious conflicts
- D) Energy resources
- ✅ A) Ethnic and territorial dispute between Armenia and Azerbaijan
- Which Middle Eastern country is currently in a civil war involving multiple foreign actors?
- A) Iraq
- B) Syria
- C) Lebanon
- D) Yemen
- ✅ B) Syria
- What is the primary concern regarding Ukraine’s energy infrastructure during the war?
- A) Water shortages
- B) Nuclear safety
- C) Oil spills
- D) None of the above
- ✅ B) Nuclear safety
- Which conflict zone has seen an increase in drone warfare in 2025?
- A) Eastern Europe
- B) Middle East
- C) South Asia
- D) All of the above
- ✅ D) All of the above
- What role does cyber warfare play in modern conflicts?
- A) Disrupting communications
- B) Targeting infrastructure
- C) Psychological warfare
- D) All of the above
- ✅ D) All of the above
- Which peacekeeping organization is deployed in multiple conflict zones globally?
- A) NATO
- B) United Nations Peacekeeping Forces
- C) OPEC
- D) G7
- ✅ B) United Nations Peacekeeping Forces
61. What is the name of the Russian military operation that began the 2022 invasion of Ukraine?
- A) Operation Donbas Shield
- B) Operation Z
- C) Operation Barbarossa II
- D) Operation Kyiv Storm
- ✅ B) Operation Z
62. Which Ukrainian operation targeted Russian supply lines in Crimea in August 2025?
- A) Operation Flamingo Strike
- B) Operation Black Sea Shield
- C) Operation Sea Breeze
- D) Operation Falcon’s Talon
- ✅ A) Operation Flamingo Strike
63. What is the name of the Israeli military operation launched in May 2025 to pressure Hamas to release hostages?
- A) Operation Iron Fist
- B) Operation Gideon Chariots
- C) Operation Desert Storm
- D) Operation Hammer Fall
- ✅ B) Operation Gideon Chariots
64. Which operation did Israel initiate in January 2025 in the West Bank against Palestinian militants?
- A) Operation Iron Wall
- B) Operation Blue Shield
- C) Operation Desert Shield
- D) Operation Red Dawn
- ✅ A) Operation Iron Wall
65. What is the name of the Israeli operation launched on June 13, 2025, targeting Iranian nuclear and military sites?
- A) Operation Rising Lion
- B) Operation Desert Storm
- C) Operation Thunderbolt
- D) Operation Iron Dome
- ✅ A) Operation Rising Lion
66. Which U.S. operation involved over 125 aircraft in a surprise strike on Iran in June 2025?
- A) Operation Midnight Hammer
- B) Operation Desert Falcon
- C) Operation Thunderstrike
- D) Operation Iron Curtain
- ✅ A) Operation Midnight Hammer
67. Which U.S. operation conducted surprise strikes on Iran’s nuclear facilities in June 2025?
- A) Operation Desert Storm
- B) Operation Midnight Hammer
- C) Operation Eagle Claw
- D) Operation Iron Fist
- ✅ B) Operation Midnight Hammer
68. What is the name of the Indian military operation launched in May 2025 in response to a terrorist attack in Pahalgam?
- A) Operation Sindoor
- B) Operation Blue Star
- C) Operation Vijay
- D) Operation Parakram
- ✅ A) Operation Sindoor
69. Which operation did Pakistan initiate on May 10, 2025, in retaliation against India?
- A) Operation Bunyan-um-Marsoos
- B) Operation Zarb-e-Azb
- C) Operation Rah-e-Nijat
- D) Operation Khyber-4
- ✅ A) Operation Bunyan-um-Marsoos
70. Which operation did Thailand launch in July 2025 amid border clashes with Cambodia?
- A) Operation Golden Triangle
- B) Operation Mekong Shield
- C) Operation Emerald Dawn
- D) Operation Mekong Storm
- ✅ B) Operation Mekong Shield
71. What event triggered heightened military action between India and Pakistan in May 2025?
- A) A cross-border trade dispute
- B) A terrorist attack in Pahalgam, Jammu & Kashmir
- C) A naval skirmish near the Arabian Sea
- D) A political summit failure
- ✅ B) A terrorist attack in Pahalgam, Jammu & Kashmir
72. What was the name of the Indian operation launched in response to the Pahalgam attack?
- A) Operation Blue Star
- B) Operation Vijay
- C) Operation Sindoor
- D) Operation Trident
- ✅ C) Operation Sindoor
73. What was the immediate objective of Operation Sindoor?
- A) Secure trade routes
- B) Neutralize terrorist hideouts in Pahalgam
- C) Establish a ceasefire agreement
- D) Conduct diplomatic talks with Pakistan
- ✅ B) Neutralize terrorist hideouts in Pahalgam
74. How did Pakistan respond to India’s Operation Sindoor?
- A) By offering humanitarian aid
- B) By launching Operation Bunyan-um-Marsoos
- C) By signing a peace treaty
- D) By closing diplomatic channels
- ✅ B) By launching Operation Bunyan-um-Marsoos
75. What was the declared aim of Pakistan’s Operation Bunyan-um-Marsoos?
- A) Expand border infrastructure
- B) Retaliate against Indian military action
- C) Conduct joint peace patrols
- D) Increase trade along the border
- ✅ B) Retaliate against Indian military action
76. Which region remained the primary focus of the conflict escalation after the Pahalgam attack?
- A) Punjab
- B) Ladakh
- C) Jammu & Kashmir
- D) Rajasthan
- ✅ C) Jammu & Kashmir
77. What role did international organizations play in the India–Pakistan escalation in May 2025?
- A) They provided military equipment to both sides
- B) They called for restraint and mediation
- C) They imposed sanctions on both countries
- D) They ignored the conflict
- ✅ B) They called for restraint and mediation
78. Following the Pahalgam attack, what was India’s public stance toward Pakistan?
- A) Immediate peace talks
- B) Zero tolerance toward cross-border terrorism
- C) Offering trade incentives
- D) Seeking military alliance with Pakistan
- ✅ B) Zero tolerance toward cross-border terrorism
79. What is the primary reason for the recent Cambodia–Thailand border clashes?
- A) Disputes over river water sharing
- B) Disagreements over cross-border migration
- C) Long-standing territorial disputes along the border
- D) Competition for tourism revenue
C) Long-standing territorial disputes along the border
80. Which historical factor contributes to the Cambodia–Thailand tensions?
- A) Colonial-era border demarcationsB) Trade route disagreementsC) Shared cultural festivalsD) None of the above
- ✅ A) Colonial-era border demarcations
81. Which resource issue has escalated the Cambodia–Thailand rift?
- A) Fishing rights in shared waters
- B) Illegal logging and deforestation
- C) Control over mineral extraction areas
- D) All of the above
- ✅ D) All of the above
82. What role does nationalism play in the Cambodia–Thailand dispute?
- A) It reduces tensions by promoting cooperationB) It intensifies the conflict by encouraging aggressive posturingC) It has no impact on border issuesD) It promotes joint military exercises
- ✅ B) It intensifies the conflict by encouraging aggressive posturing
83. Which external factor complicates the Cambodia–Thailand rift?
- A) Regional alliances in Southeast AsiaB) Involvement of major powers like China and the USC) Trade competition with ASEAN countriesD) Climate change affecting agriculture
- ✅ B) Involvement of major powers like China and the US
84. What environmental concern contributes to the tensions between Cambodia and Thailand?
- A) Air pollutionB) Haze from forest firesC) Sea level riseD) None of the above
- ✅ B) Haze from forest fires
- How have border disputes affected local populations in Cambodia and Thailand?
- A) By improving infrastructure
- B) By increasing trade opportunities
- C) By displacing communities and affecting livelihoods
- D) By encouraging tourism
- ✅ C) By displacing communities and affecting livelihoods
85. Which area is most frequently disputed between Cambodia and Thailand?
- A) Mekong River BasinB) Angkor Wat Heritage ZoneC) Preah Vihear Temple areaD) Gulf of Thailand
- ✅ C) Preah Vihear Temple area
86. Which regional organization has been involved in easing Cambodia–Thailand tensions?
- A) SAARCB) ASEANC) EUD) OPEC
- ✅ B) ASEAN
87. What long-term approach is suggested to resolve the Cambodia–Thailand border dispute?
- A) Military escalation
- B) Bilateral dialogue and joint border commissions
- C) Economic sanctions
- D) Ignoring the issue
- ✅ B) Bilateral dialogue and joint border commissions
2 thoughts on “Most Important and relevant multiple-choice questions (MCQs) covering key global conflicts as current events topics for Coming competitive Exams in 2025”