Education

Federalism & Cooperative Federalism with concepts, constitutional provisions, examples, commissions, challenges and recent trends for Civil Services Exams in 26

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Federalism

Federalism & Cooperative Federalism with concepts, constitutional provisions, examples, commissions, challenges and recent trends for Civil services Exams in 26 1. Meaning of Federalism Federalism refers to a system of government in which power is divided between Union and State governments by the Constitution, with autonomy in their respective spheres. 📌 Key Features of a … Read more

Entrance Exams After 12th in India: Opportunities in Engineering, Medical, Law, Design – Eligibility & Exam Dates in Hindi

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Entrance Exams

Entrance Exams After 12th in India: Opportunities in Engineering, Medical, Law, Design – Eligibility & Exam Dates in Hindi. 12वीं के बाद के प्रवेश परीक्षाओं के अनुसार इकदम स्पष्ट और छात्र-हित शैली में: 12वीं के बाद प्रवेश परीक्षाएँ (Only Hindi Guide) All India Entrance Exams After 12th (Hindi) I. इंजीनियरिंग / आर्किटेक्चर परीक्षा योग्यता परीक्षा … Read more

Digital Public Infrastructure in India: Overview, Key Schemes, State Reforms & Bihar-Specific Notes in Hindi

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Federalism

Digital Public Infrastructure in India: Overview, Key Schemes, State Reforms & Bihar-Specific Notes. e-Governance notes have been covered in a previous post. I. Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) (A) English Notes II. e-Governance Reforms in India (A) English Notes Benefits:✔ Reduced corruption✔ Direct service delivery✔ Paperless governance✔ Improved transparency III. State-Level e-Governance: Focus on Bihar (A) … Read more

Digital Public Infrastructure & e-Governance in India: Reforms, State Initiatives & Bihar Case Study (2026)

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Federalism

Digital Public Infrastructure & e-Governance in India: Reforms, State Initiatives & Bihar Case Study (2026). Relevant to Competitive Exams Part A: Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) in India 1. Meaning of Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) DPI refers to foundational digital systems that enable secure, interoperable, population-scale digital services across sectors such as finance, identity, payments, health, … Read more

India’s Joint Defence Exercises (2021–2026): Power, Partnerships, Challenges & Strategic Impact

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Federalism

India’s Joint Defence Exercises (2021–2026): Power, Partnerships, Challenges & Strategic Impact. Explore India’s joint defence exercises with global partners (2021–2026) including dates, locations, objectives and strategic significance for Competitive Exams I. Joint Defence Exercises (2021–2026): India Introduction Between 2021 and 2026, India conducted 50+ bilateral and multilateral joint defence exercises annually, covering Army, Navy, Air … Read more

New Defence Acquisitions & Modernisation (India | 2021–2026)

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current Events

New Defence Acquisitions & Modernisation (India | 2021–2026) Introduction Over the last five years (2021–2026), India has undertaken an unprecedented defence acquisitions and modernisation drive to address evolving security challenges, particularly along its northern and western borders and across the Indian Ocean Region. Defence capital outlay reached ₹1,82,492 crore in FY 2026, while cumulative capital … Read more

Indigenous Equipment of India: Complete List with Timeline for Competitive Exams in 2026

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Indigenous equipment

Indigenous Equipment of India: Complete List with Timeline for competitive exams in 2026 Indigenous Equipment of India in Defence Sector India’s Indigenous Defence Manufacturing — Tejas, Arjun, UAVsOverview: Over the past decade India has moved from a largely import-dependent defence posture toward a deliberate push for indigenous design, production and a defence ecosystem under “Make … Read more

Can Diplomacy End the Russia-Ukraine War? Timelines of Talks to Tensions 2022-25

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current Events

Can Diplomacy End the Russia-Ukraine War ? Timelines of Talks to Tensions 2022-25. Russia-Ukraine War-Timeline of Talks and Diplomacy 1. February–March 2022: Initial Belarus Peace Talks Location: Belarus (near Ukrainian border)Participants: Russia & Ukraine delegationsTimeline: 28 Feb – 3 March 2022 Key Points: Outcome:❌ No ceasefire achieved✔ Limited humanitarian corridors established 2. March 2022: Istanbul … Read more

Russia Ukraine War 2022-India’s Position and Diplomatic Balancing at World Forum

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Entrance Exams

Russia Ukraine War 2022 India’s Position and Diplomatic Balancing 1. India’s Core Position- Russia Ukraine war 2022 India has adopted a strategic neutrality in the Russia–Ukraine conflict, guided by its long-standing principles of: India has consistently called for dialogue, diplomacy, and respect for international law, without openly siding with either Russia or the Western bloc. … Read more

Russia Ukraine War 2022–2025: Timeline, Causes, and Future Scenarios in Hindi

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Indigenous equipment

Russia Ukraine War 2022–2025: Timeline, Causes, and Future Scenarios in Hindi Russia Ukraine War 2022–2025 रूस–यूक्रेन युद्ध: पृष्ठभूमि, कारण और वर्तमान स्थिति 1. परिचय रूस–यूक्रेन युद्ध 21वीं सदी के सबसे महत्वपूर्ण भू-राजनीतिक संघर्षों में से एक है। इस युद्ध ने वैश्विक राजनीति, सुरक्षा व्यवस्था, ऊर्जा बाजारों और अंतरराष्ट्रीय कानून को गहराई से प्रभावित किया है।24 … Read more